Why is it Important to Do your Homework in Time

Why is it Important to Do your Homework in Time Why is it Important to Do your Homework in Time? Home›Education Posts›Why is it Important to Do your Homework in Time? Education PostsIt happens quite often that students perceive the home task as an additional burden to all the load of the work to be undertaken throughout a course. And they cannot cope with their homework due to lack of time. It happens since the majority of students do not perform homework immediately when they come home. Of course, it is understandable since they have other activities except performing all academic tasks. But if you want to be a successful student and do your homework in time, never put off till tomorrow what you can do today!Why is Homework Important?Homework provides students with necessary practice in writing, thinking, reading, and problem-solving. Doing homework in time is very important since it will show your professor that you are a serious student who is interested in the subject. If you perform all your tasks on time, this will resu lt in good grades. In case you will have bad test results, you can fail the class. Performing all assignments in time will help you to learn how to properly manage your time. Also you should note that doing your homework in time will help you to build a sense of responsibility and stay focused.Do not ignore performing homework tasks since it gives your brain a chance to continue learning and find more interesting information that will help you during classes or even in your future career. Though students understand that they should perform their tasks in time, they may simply forget about one of them as they are overloaded with tons of different assignments. Sometimes, there are also such situations when students are really frustrated. It occurs when they have to do their homework as well as go to work or maybe they feel sick or have some family troubles. We are all humans and we don’t know what to expect from tomorrow, in what situation we may find ourselves. But please do not wo rry since there is a little surprise for you, whenever you are lost and don’t know how to perform your task in time, you can always find real help right here â€" qualitycustomessays.com.This is a usual practice of the educational process to give homework to students on a day-to-day basis. Does this strategy give results? Here are some reasonable arguments about the importance of homework. In fact, there is something hidden in our nature that pushes us to homework. Not depending on the age or social status, we complete different assignments in order to polish some skills. Do not get deluded that only students ought to deal with home assignments. Even mature people, for example, singers or actors, need to do repetitious things to learn and develop in the professional sphere.There is no surprise that tutees regularly get something to do at home. A teacher is in charge of finding the most appropriate pieces of work and deciding on the frequency of the practice. Here is controversy. Th e majority of undergraduates witness suffering from the great amount of material to be covered in time after classes. The others claim that they truly derive pleasure from completing homework and admit how advantageous it is for them. So, is homework an effective method for students’ development?Why Homework is GoodDigging deeperFirst of all, we should clearly understand the essence of the collocation ‘daily homework’. It means a particular amount of work to be completed by a student on his or her own to deepen the knowledge of a topic.Learning to be responsibleIt is worth mentioning that homework is vital not only in terms of learning. It also gives a possibility to get mature by taking the responsibility. One of the features of homework that definitely works for this is the presence of deadlines, which means you should submit a paper within the given amount of time. If not, a student will be punished by various means, for example, by lower points, additional tasks, etc. That is why there is motivation to plan the work and accomplish it on time.Getting skills on time managementWhat is more, we can also count to benefits of homework that it teaches to sort out priorities and, accordingly, devote time to the most crucial tasks. For sure, it never happens that you need to work on just one paper at a time; more often, you have a couple of deadlines, especially when the end of a semester is about to come. The best solution here will be to schedule your time and be attentive to the deadlines, so that you do not miss anything out.Revising the information heard during lecturesSome people are so gifted that they grasp all the necessary information during a lecture, some even do not write any notes. But this is just the minority, most students forget what was discussed at a class the next day. The home task helps to recall and revise. There is research on the human perception that brings in the data that during listening we can memorize only up to twenty percent of the presented information. The rest eighty percent could be gained with the help of processing information on your own, due to the reading activity, exercising, etc.Therefore, we come to a conclusion: homework takes its rightful place among the most helpful educational practices. It is oriented at encouraging awareness and understanding among learners. Refreshing something that you have heard in a class will serve for collective information to your long-term memory storage. Then, before an exam, there will be no need to cram everything in a night. This is a real chance to pass exams successfully not applying much effort.More than Just a PracticeWe can consider homework to be both practice and experience. Regarding an exact subject, let us say physics, a class program involves having a look at main formulas and concepts of problem-solving, whereas, at home, you employ them to resolve an appropriate exercise. The time limit at school doesn’t give a possibility to cover all the po ssible problems. Undertake more of them as a part of your home task. It will make you thrive from being well-rounded in a subject. There is enough work performed behind each skill you have. The more you practice, the more erudite you become! Change the way you view things and think of homework as of valuable practice, which you can have for free.The Problematical Issue of MotivationYou can easily imagine what happens every evening in thousands of homes: a schoolchild and a list of tasks given by a teacher. The characters may vary, but the course of action remains to be unchanged. Parents usually try to help and to counsel their youngsters to cope with the tasks successfully. It can be performed quite differently, some couples find it acceptable to explain something from time to time, while others fall back upon such methods, as bribery, reasoning, and threats. The problem remains unsolved these days. How to make a child or a student be eager to complete homework?There is a great num ber of children who feel stressed at school. Having spent more than a half of a day at this place, they still have something to accomplish at home. Many doubt whether it could ever be efficacious if it evokes such unpleasant emotions in kids. Let us specify the strong and weak sides of the practice of assigning home tasks.Advantages of HomeworkIt helps students to reinforce what they have learned at school. Moreover, it may encourage a kid to do additional research on the subject that has lightened the sparkle of interest in him or her. Juniors who take charge of something feel more confident and independent; being in such a state helps them to grow up. The fact of having own role has a serious influence on the personality pushing to acknowledge ones maturity and powers to move on. What is also beneficial is that being involved in exercising a kid is kept away from the TV and video games.Disadvantages of Home AssignmentsOn the contrast, sometimes, children are so overloaded with hom ework, that they literally do not have time for anything else. Being chained to computer screen or books, students do not always devote time to have a breath of fresh air. Having no free time, how can a kid become acquainted with all the beauty of nature?Homework may create an opposite effect when a child will be totally exhausted or will hate school and everything connected with it. There are so many children who wake up with a feeling of loathing because a school day is ahead.Developing this type of attitude may have a negative impact on the performance and level of education. So, in the future you will notice how destroying school dislike may be. Playing games and having fun together with friends should be an integral component of childhood. It is vital not to let a kid be deprived of simple happiness to communicate with friends, playing tricks and discovering the World together.Homework may be one of the reasons to prevent a person from developing social skills. Poring over book s should not displace contacting and spending quality time with peers.To sum up, despite all the positive sides of homework, we should keep in mind a couple of essential things. Some periods of a school term or academic year may be rather strained and burdensome. To avoid this, you should be very careful about planning your schedule and not put aside things that have been assigned to you recently. Prioritize the tasks according to their deadlines. Only being organized, you have a chance to ace. Perceive homework as your chance to polish skills, practice, focus on the concrete issues that are worth attention, learn how to deal with problems, and master your skills.

Forensic Science, Forensic, Anthropology, And Forensic...

Manahal Hassan Mr. Jones Forensics 7 March 2016 Fingerprinting The definition according to Merriam-Webster, of forensics is relating to the use of scientific knowledge or methods in solving crimes. Today forensics is widely used to aid in the solving of cases. Forensic Science is just an umbrella term for a range of sub-sciences present in Forensic Science. There is forensic pathology, forensic psychology, and forensic anthropology among others. One of the most important aspects of forensics are the various laboratory techniques applied to solve crimes. The use of microscopy and fingerprinting are two categories that have furthermore expanded the use of forensics in the present. FINGERPRINTS Fingerprints are the rigged tips of the fingers and they often leave a print unrecognizable to the naked eye after making contact when an object. No two people have identical fingerprints. They can also tell the race and gender of a person. Jon Bon Jovi once said â€Å"Each one of you has something no one else has, or has ever had: your fingerprints, your brain, your heart. Be an individual. Be unique. Stand out. Make noise. Make someone notice. That s the power of individuals.† Fingerprints are a key piece of an individual because they provide a sense of identity. HISTORY OF FINGERPRINTS Fingerprints were first seen on clay tablets in Babylon around 3000 B.C. They appeared in China a little later to sign official documents. In the 14th century A.D, Khajeh Rashiduddin FazlullahShow MoreRelatedAnthropology : Anthropology And Anthropology1550 Words   |  7 Pagesimagined the endless careers that are available to anthropology majors, before taking Professor Sharratt’s Intro to Anthropology course. The things that I have learned in anthropology have opened my mind to a variety of different career paths that is possible with a degree in anthropology. Anthropology majors go off to a plethora of careers with their degrees in anthropology. Anthropology is â€Å"the study of humankind in all times and place†. Anthropology has four different subfields which include: Physical/BiologicalRead More Dead Men Do Tell Tales Essay2533 Words   |  11 Pagesto Dr. Maples, truth is discoverable, truth wants to be discovered (2). Dr. Maples tells us of what it is like t o be a Forensic Anthropologist. Dr. Maples does not hold anything back in any of his descriptions, from the smell of corpses to the explanations of maggots. Dead Men Do Tell Tales is a complete engrossing journey into the world of Forensic Anthropology and the science of bones. The book is well organized and easy to follow. The story is not from some published medical work containingRead MoreStanley Rhines Bon Voyage2266 Words   |  9 Pagesstunning detail, the work of forensic anthropologists. The author works for the New Mexico Office of Medical Investigations. The OMI is in charge of investigating any death in New Mexico that is sudden, unnatural, untimely, unattended, or suspicious deaths. They work together with multiple agencies in many different jurisdictions. Bone Voyage gives a lifelike, almost sickly, reality to the important jobs dealt to forensic anthropologists. The field of forensic anthropology is relatively young, withRead MoreHuman Nature And The Organization Of Human Society1742 Words   |  7 Pages Forensic Anthropologists are able to give someone who has no face a name and finding Out what happened to them. This is made possible by combining the 3 subfields of anthropology. These fields come together to help solve not only present day cases but with technology and advancements we are able to solve decade old cases. Anthropology can be traced all the way back to ancient Greek writings about human nature and the organization of human society. In the 400s BC lived a Greek historian namedRead MoreBiography of Dr. Erin Watson Essay examples943 Words   |  4 Pageslike the FBI. She sternly says, â€Å"Forensic science is a science, not the drama on Television. . . many students have the misconception that a forensic scientist does only the things shown on the TV . . .but it is rather different and complex.† Born and raised in Seattle, she moved to Louisiana in 1998 specifically to go to graduate school at Louisiana State University. She feels proud to have Dr. Lamar Meek as a graduate advisor. He was one of the few forensic entomologists in the nation butRead MoreAnthropology Essay : The Importance Of Anthropology1622 Words   |  7 PagesThe Importance of Anthropology Anthropology is a scientific field that seems to be largely misunderstood by the general public. Many people hear the word â€Å"anthropology† and think of an old man with a magnifying glass looking at some dusty old fossils. In reality, anthropology is much more broad than archaeology, which people normally associate with it. Forms of anthropology are used in many aspects of daily life from advertising to law enforcement. Anthropology is difficult to define, as it is extremelyRead MoreWhy Forensics Is Important?710 Words   |  3 PagesWhy forensics is important? Forensics is an interesting topic because you can find out anything about any certain thing, like when the last time a toothbrush was used, or what a certain shoe tread belongs to. Forensics helps catch criminals from misdemeanors to felonies. It also helps find people who have gone missing or who are dead and can’t be identified. Forensics is now becoming more known to the world, through tv crime dramas an d through high school and college courses. I want to make sureRead MoreForensic Scientists And Innovative Technology Impacting The World1621 Words   |  7 Pagescut beneath the throat. An officer asks â€Å"Do you think it is right to assume he committed suicide?† A forensic scientist would say no, they can perform examinations to reasonably prove this suicide was staged with the evidence available and uncover more like a puzzle. Crime and mysteries are reoccurring with more novelty, and because of this, forensic science must adapt and evolve with its forensic scientists and innovative technology impacting the world. (â€Å"Latest Crime Statistics Released†) PracticesRead MoreForensic Criminology : Forensic Anthropology1706 Words   |  7 Pages A forensic Anthropology studies bodies and determines who the person is and they determines the cause of the person death. When someone dies they call a forensic Anthropology to finger out why this person die. When skeletonized remains are discovered, one needs to establish first if the bones are human. If so, the sex, race, age, stature, weight, and any pathology of the newly acquired skeleton must be established in order to make an identification of the remains, determine manner and causeRead MoreTechnology And Science By Law Enforcement1653 Words   |  7 PagesJustice defines forensic science as, â€Å"the application of science, such as physics, chemistry, biology, computer science, and engineering to matters of law,† (2014). The emphasis here is the use of technology and science by law enforcement officers and agencies and is accepted and recognized by the criminal justice s ystem. It is seen as scientific technology or Criminalistics, (Dempsey Forst, 2013). While technology plays a role in this, it is most recognized by the use of science by law enforcement

The Success Of The Coca Cola Company - 1091 Words

The success of the Coca Cola Company has provided over 500 brands over the history of 127 years of being a beverage company. Coca Cola Company is the world’s largest beverage company focusing in five key areas of people, profits, portfolio, partners, and planet. The Coca Cola Company uses a smaller model to understand and control the growth, resources, and capabilities of their organization. Coca Cola vision clearly outlines the aspect of what they need to accomplish in order to sustain, quality growth. The company uses a knowledge strategy, paralleling the political, economic, social, and technological (P.E.S.T.L) analysis and the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis to align and leverage internal and external knowledge with the resources and capabilities. The P.E.S.T.L analysis has created an organizational need to exploit the knowledge factors to become a creator of internal knowledge. The SWOT analysis links the company to the external kno wledge factors that drive the company’s direction and growth. Together these factors help Coca Cola describe and evaluate the desired knowledge strategy. These factors fill an intrigue role in Coca Cola to drive global beverage leadership, accelerate innovation, and leverage a balanced geographic portfolio. Internal knowledge is identified in many cases as the primary source of information for most company’s but for Coca Cola it been identified that this method is the least developed and couldShow MoreRelatedThe Success Of The Coca Cola Company1106 Words   |  5 Pages Dear Mr Kent, I am writing to you to discuss the success of the Coca-Cola Company thus far and to discuss recommendations in which the company could use. These recommendation will help the company to become more environmentally friendly, more of an ethical company and therefore to create a better image for the company. 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Network Design Free Essays

Introduction I have been asked to research and compare two of the most widely used internet security protocols, Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Secure Shell (SSH). In this report I shall research both protocols and then compare the two listing similarities and differences in how they operate as security protocols. I shall examine the features of both giving advantages and disadvantages, examples will be given for both security protocols and any infrastructure needs. We will write a custom essay sample on Network Design or any similar topic only for you Order Now As per instruction I will be using varied sources for my research including books, magazines and the internet, as with any report I shall reference all of my sources of information. Transport Layer Security Today the need for network security is of uppermost importance. We would all like to think that data is transmitted securely, but what if it wasn’t. Credit card crime for example would be a lot easier if there was no network security. This is one of many reasons why we need network security, and to achieve this we need protocols to secure the end to end transmission of data. An earlier protocol that was widely used in the early 1990’s this was the Secure Socket Layer protocol (SSL). SSL was developed by Netscape but had some security flaws and used a weak algorithm and did not encrypt all of the information. Three versions of SSL where developed by Netscape and after the third the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) were called in to develop an Internet standard protocol. This protocol was called the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. The main goal was to supply a means to allow secure connections for networks including the internet. How it works The Transport Layer Security protocol uses complex algorithms to encrypt information as it is sent over the network. The protocol comprises of two main layers the Transport Layer Security Record and the Handshake Protocol. TLS Handshake Protocol The TLS Handshake protocol is used to; in principle agree a secret between the two applications before any data is sent. This protocol works above the TLS Record protocol and sends the secrets in the order in which they have to be sent. The most important feature here is that no data is sent in securing connection, the first bit sent is a start bit to the whole process and only when secure connection achieved is data sent over the network. TLS Record Protocol The Transport Layer Security Record encrypts the data using cryptography and uses a unique key for connection which is received from the Handshake protocol. The TLS Record protocol may be used with or without encryption. The data which has been encrypted is then sent down to the Transmission Control (TCP) layer for transport. The record also adds a Message Authentication Code (MAC) to the outward data and confirms using the MAC. I have used the image below to show how this is achieved. Where TLS is used The Transport Layer Security protocol is normally used, above any of the Transport Layer protocols. So the TLS protocol operates at Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) level 4, where it joins itself to other transport layer protocols, for example Hypertext Protocol( HTTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) although its main partner is Transmission Control Protocol( TCP). Main area of use would be the internet in applications that need end to end security. This data is usually carried by HTTP and with TLS becomes HTTPS. TLS is therefore used to secure connections with e-commerce sites. VoIP also uses TLS to secure its data transmissions.† TLS and SSL are most widely recognized as the protocols that provide secure HTTP (HTTPS) for Internet transactions between Web browsers and Web servers.† (Microsoft, 2011) The Transport Layer Security protocol is also used in setting up Virtual Private Networks (VPN), where end to end security is a must but again is used alongside other protocols. How Secure Is It? Secure Shell The Secure Shell (SSH) is used for safe remote access between clients through an untrusted network. SSH is widely used software in network security. The need for such protocols is paramount in today’s technology based world. In the modern office for example employees may wish to transfer files to their home computer for completion, this would be an unwise option if it wasn’t for security protocols. A man in the middle attack could take place by listening on the network for traffic and picking up all your company secrets or personal ones. How it works The Secure Shell develops a channel for executing a shell on a remote machine. The channel has encryption at both ends of the connection. The most important aspects of SSH is that it authenticates the connection and encrypts the data it also ensures that the data sent is the data received. Bibliography TLS protocol. (2011, 03 23). Retrieved March 23, 2011, from wikipedia: http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EAP-TLS_handshake.png Microsoft. (2011, March 23). What is TLS. Retrieved March 23, 2011, from Microsoft TechNet: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc784450%28WS.10%29.aspx How to cite Network Design, Essay examples

Poverty And Ethics Essays - Libertarian Theory, Political Philosophy

Poverty And Ethics Poverty in the United States has long been a social, political, and human rights issue. Few people would say that it is not our moral duty, as social human beings to take care of those less fortunate than ourselves, to the best of our ability. I say few because there are some people out there who believe that we have no moral obligation to do anything outside of ourselves. These types of people have what is called a libertarian viewpoint. There is really no specific definition of libertarian, but it is associates justice with liberty andliberty itself with the absence of interference by other persons. In relation to the matter at hand, specifically poverty in America, libertarians are against taxing the affluent or forcing people to aid the starving and poor. One of the most influential libertarians of our time is Professor Robert Nozik. His theory of justice begins with the premise that all people have Lockean rights, which require that we refrain from interfering with others. Other than this we have no obligation to do anything positive for anyone else, and likewise, they have no obligation towards us. These rights are natural or inalienable because all humans have them and they do not come from any social or political institutions. These rights forbid us from interfering with a persons liberty even if it would promote some general good, or prevent anothers rights from being violated. Overall, the general idea is that people have the liberty to live a life free from intervention of others, and can lead their life however they so choose. In addition, he says that if a person acquired their fortune or possessions without harming, defrauding, or violating the rights of any others, then it is morally permissible to use those things however one wishes. This includes wasting, willing, or endowing the possessions to someone else. Even though many people are dying from starvation and malnutrition, Noziks theory of justice states that one has no obligation to help those people. The previous premise comes to form Noziks entitlement theory. Simply put, this theory states that people are entitled to their belongings and may use them as they wish, as long as they have fairly acquired them and have not violated anothers Lockean rights in the process. His theory is summarized as follows: 1. A person who acquires a holding in accordance with the principle of justice in acquisition is entitled to that holding. 2. A person who acquires a holding in accordance with the principle of justice in transfer, from someone else entitled to the holding, is entitled to the holding. 3. No one is entitled to a holding except by (repeated) applications of 1 and 2. Relating to poverty, libertarians feel that no matter how the actual distribution of economic holdings may look, if all involved are entitled to the holdings they possess, then the distribution is just. In addition, libertarians would be against government intervention in a society to either improve the social situation or economic situation. They feel that to tweak the economy, so to speak, would involve violating someones liberty, and therefore would make it morally unacceptable. By definition, libertarianism requires that market relations are totally unrestricted. This means that interfering with uncoerced and non-fraudulent transactions or exchanges between consenting adults is strictly forbidden. For example, a libertarian would be against government regulation of wages, since the matter of earnings should be decided between an employer and employee. Likewise, a libertarian would be against providing the poor with welfare, food stamps, and subsidized housing, because such programs are in direct contrast with their beliefs about liberty. Why is this? To them, liberty means being free in terms of the aforementioned theory of rights. All forms of public aid by definition are funded by the taxation of a countrys citizens, regardless of whether an individual wishes to support the programs or not. We, as Americans, essentially have no control over what the government funds with our tax dollars. Those supported by such aid have no right to entitlement, since they have not earned the right to the holdings by any means. Personally, I find the libertarians preference for private charity over public welfare quite disheartening.

Effect of Labour Turnover on Organisational Productivity Essay Example

Effect of Labour Turnover on Organisational Productivity Essay Example Effect of Labour Turnover on Organisational Productivity Essay Effect of Labour Turnover on Organisational Productivity Essay EFFECT OF LABOUR TURNOVER ON ORGANISATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY 1 INTRODUCTION The practice of human resource management (HRM) is concerned with all aspects of how people are employed and managed in an organisation (Armstrong, 2009). The strategic business function organ of the organisation sees to the inflow and outflow of employees in the organisaiton. The HRM function of directing the organisation system to ensure that human talents are used effectively to accomplish desired goals is very crucial, thereby not left ignored. Organisations zealous about growth would always intend to develop their respective current human capital and other potentials. But in this world of frequent upgrade and innovations in the business environment and the technological ways of doing things, organisations would commit themselves towards bringing their workforce to the task requiring intellectual and manual growth and development. The idea behind this would be to intensify the additional productivity generated by extra employee hired. All these put together would amount to organisations being cost conscious in making sure that employees with high human capital do not leave their organisations. But in order to be realistic, organizations cannot be everything to all people. No matter how great your company is, it is likely that some of your employees will eventually move on to other opportunities. That may be costing you a lot and affecting your well enjoyed stabilized organization productivity. Labour or worker or employee or staff turnover has it is often referred to, is the number of permanent employees leaving the company within the reported period versus the number of actual Active Permanent employees on the last day of the previous reported period (physical headcount). According to Business Dictionary (2011), the ratio of the number of employees that leave a company through attrition, dismissal, or resignation during a period to the number of employees on payroll during the same period makes up what is referred to as Labour Turnover. An employee leaving the organization either voluntarily or involuntarily is certain to have positive or negative effects on the organization. This as well would reflect on the productivity of the organization concerned. In other words, high turnover can be harmful to a companys productivity if skilled workers are often leaving and the worker population contains a high percentage of novice workers (Open Forum, 2011). This is especially the case if those leaving are either key to its success and continuity or do so because they think you have treated them unfairly, which could result in tribunal claims (Business Link, 2011). This means maintaining the satisfactory level of productivity might be threatened. Therefore curbing turnover to its optimal level for the organization is a major challenge. However, the research on the consequences of labour turnover is inconclusive, and provides little guidance on how much turnover, if any, is optimal (Siebert, 2006). It hereby leaves us wondering what optimal number is needed for the organization’s best productivity. As turnover even poses to be a major and widely studied organizational behavior phenomenon, it fosters why researchers are becoming interested in it more. It is a phenomenon that not just affects a company, occupation or industry, but an issue tackled by organizations all around the world. This is because at one employee’s voluntary or involuntary time they would have to leave the organization. (Abelson 1987; Campion 1991). 1. 2 STATEMENT OF RESEARCH PROBLEM Labour turnover as noticed, if not looked into, could eat deep into the profitability and threaten the sustainability of any organization. As a global challenge as well mandatory confrontation of the technological and environmental diversities which organizations have to face, many brows are raised on its persistence. The Nigerian insurance sector has not been left out as labour turnover has been disrupting their services and relatively their organization productivity. The Human Resource Managers and the executives of these organizations have always been on their toes to proffer solutions to labour turnover. The consciousness of hiring, monetary and time cost recorded when highly frequent labour turnover occurs; thereby affecting productivity which makes this a problem that begs for answer. Organizations lose not just financially, or in productivity when they have an employee with huge human capital permanently departing from their organization. This could have been due to avoidable or unavoidable reasons. The technological and business demands of electronic dealings have also affected ways in which operations are carried out in the Nigerian insurance industry. Some new fresh ideas have been witnessed with the opportunities for new transfers and promotions, but those still have to be compared to the contributions or reductions which are now available. This study would look into how the effects of the voluntary or involuntary labour turnover have impacted on the productivity level of the organization observed. As well to what extent, the organizations need to plan in anticipating an optimal level of labour human capital that can yield the needed productivity in the Nigerian insurance sector which is becoming labour shortages. 1. 3 LITERATURE REVIEW Employee turnover has benefits and costs for organizational performance (Ableson Baysinger, 1984). But a study is not just being carried out to have the positive sides analysed. The human resource management literature has traditionally viewed labour turnover in a negative light. Human capital theories of labour turnover point to loss of firm-specific human and social capital (Dess and Shaw 2001). This negative view is supported by the results of several empirical studies. For example, Huselid (1995) finds high labour turnover negatively linked to labour productivity in his sample of 968 U. S. firms. Also Baron, Hannan and Burton (2001) find turnover to be â€Å"disruptive† in their study of hi-tech start-ups in California in the early 1990s. Many studies have concentrated on quits specifically, and have found a negative impact of quits on firm performance, as in Batt (2002) for U. S. call centres, McElroy, Morrow and Rude (2001) for branches of a U. S. financial company, etc. But some have since been reporting the optimistic side of the coin. Job matching theory (Jovanovic, 1979) predicts that workers less suitable for the organisation would result into leaving it earlier; hence, there is room for labour turnover to improve performance (productivity) by clearing the workforce of poor worker-job matches. In the same vain, McEvoy and Cascio’s (1987) meta-analysis of twenty-four reported correlations between performance and turnover concluded that ‘good performers are †¦ less likely to leave †¦ than are poor performers’, which supports the main prediction of job matching theory (p. 758). Williams and Livingstone’s (1994) further meta-study of turnover supported McEvoy and Cascio (1987) and proved an even stronger negative relationship between worker individual performance and voluntary turnover when pay is contingent on the organisation’s productivity. Ilmakunnas, Maliranta and Vainiomaki (2005) report a positive impact of turnover on total factor productivity growth in Finnish manufacturing. However, the Nigerian insurance sector may be faced with such ups and downs as regards to impact of labour turnover on organisation productivity. But relatively unlike most of the research on the topic, Bingley and Westergaard-Nielsen (2004) look at hires and quits simultaneously in their study of personnel policies and profit in a panel of 7,118 Danish organisations over 1992-95. In contrast to the popular result, they conclude that quits increase profit and hires reduce it. They argue, consistently with job matching theory that the least productive workers are more likely to leave. The finding on hires is interpreted in terms of turnover costs, since hires incur recruitment and training costs. Thus, reconciliation of job matching and human capital theories of labour turnover is assisted by distinguishing between quits and hires a path we will follow. Those were observed by W. Stanley Siebert, Nikolay Zubanov, Arnaud Chevalier, Tarja Viitanen (2006). The case of a firm in the Nigerian insurance sector on the impact of labour turnover on productivity may take along the practice of the HRM. Guthrie (2001) found a dichotomy in the impact of turnover on productivity depending on the type of human resource management (HRM) system in the organisation. Glebbeek and Bax (2004) using data from offices of a temporary employment agency in the Netherlands over 1995-98 indeed find an inverted U-shape relationship between worker turnover and productivity. The same relationship between labour turnover and productivity is reported in a study of 2,435 workplaces in Australia over 1995-97, by Harris, Tang and Tseng (2002). However, Shaw, Gupta and Delery (2005: 61) report the opposite result for U. S. and Canadian concrete plants and U. S. transportation companies, where they conclude that the relationship between voluntary turnover and workforce performance is ‘negative but becomes attenuated as turnover increases’. This particular study, however, would look into ups and downs earlier known to rock an organisation’s productivity if it has employee turnover. Particularly, an organisation in the Nigerian insurance industry being studied if the earlier affirmations can be upheld or restructured to show our society’s diversified business environment. 1. 4 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to achieve the following: i. To affirm the relationship between labour turnover and organization productivity. ii. To investigate the impact of business diversities requirement like technology amounting to organization productivity on labour turnover. iii. To investigate how organisations can reduce unfavourable labour turnover on productivity. iv. To examine labour turnover impact on MBLA 1. 5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS The following are the research questions developed for the course of this study. They are: i. Does Nigerian insurance sector witness labour turnover? ii. Is labour turnover a challenge to organization? iii. Is organization productivity disrupted when organization labour turnover takes place? iv. Does an organization have any positive productivity advantage when labour turnover occurs? v. Are there measures of curbing labour turnover when organization sees it could halt productivity? 1. 6 STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES The hypotheses to be used in validating this study project are stated as follows: H0: There is no significant relationship between the labour turnover and organization productivity of MBLA. H0: There is a significant relationship between labour turnover and organization productivity of MBLA. H0: There is no impact on labour turnover and organization productivity of MBLA H0 : There is an impact of labour turnover on organization productivity of MBLA. . 7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significance of this study is tailored towards the evaluation, analysis and addition to the current existing body of knowledge. It would assist the human resource managers in capturing adverse labour turnover effect which could halt their organization’s effectiveness and efficiency. Knowing the costly effect of an unchecked labour turnover on the organization productivity, t his study would help HR managers on other logical steps to militate against employee turnover. The recommendations can be used in helping organizations not just in the Nigerian insurance sector but as well other sectors of the economy. By using this study different organization can reduce the rate of employee turnover and increase their productivity and profitability. 1. 8 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 1. 8. 2 Population of the Study Due to the uneasy access to the entire population of this study, a sample would be drawn up. According to Levin and Rubin, (2002), a population is the whole collection of all elements that a research is studying and from which generalization will be drawn from. The study would make use of a branch of MBLA and a generalisation would be utilized. However the organisation has about 500 staff with about 15 of them taking charge of the executive functions of the company. Also the administrative functions are run by over 60 of their staff. Besides, the other population are either their marketers or ther junior workers. 1. 8. 3 Sampling and Sampling Techniques With application of a stratified sampling, the employees of the organisation would be unbiasedly picked. This would be enforced among both the senior and junior employees of the organisation. All these effort is to have a reasonable conclusion from which generalisation would be ascertained. 1. 8. 4 Strategy for the Collection of Data The primary data generation would be through dissemination of quesstionaires and some other additional interview briefs. The other earlier publications would be added to have a concrete information. These would be used in getting the necessary source of data in generating findings on the impact of labour turnover on organisation productivity in the Nigerian insurance sector. 1. 8. 5 Data Presentation The new advancement in statistical analysis, SPSS, would be utilized in presenting the data generated. The mean, median, mode, frequency and percentiles would be explored for a clearer data presentation 1. 8. 6 Test of the Conjuctural Statement With the use correlation, regression and t-test, the hypotheses of the study would be put to test. 1. 9 SYNOPSIS The outline of this five-study would wear the face of having the first chapter introducing the topic and its subject matter of labour turnover and its corresponding effect on organisation productivity. Also, the second chapter of the study would contain the prior knowledge and study done on this topic. From this some theories and standings of previous scholars would be incorporated into this particular present topic. Besides that, the third chapter would have the methodology to apply in carrying out this study. The instruments and sources of data that would be applied at MBLA in assuring that the right information are gathered within the confinement of the ethical stands, in other to have a good research work in the study. However, the fourth study would look at the data presented and analysed in the format that is generally acceptable. This would enhance the genuineness of this study. Also, the fifth chapter would see to the conclusion and recommendation of the project. This is where the findings and results of the study would be concluded and any recommendation suitable for MBLA and other organisations of its kind would be issued for their discretional adoption. REFERENCES businesslink. gov. uk/bdotg/action/detail? itemId=1074411249=RESOURCES penforum. com/idea-hub/topics/money/article/the-high-cost-of-employee-turnover-scott-allen Batt, R. 2002. Managing customer services: Human resource practices, quit rates, and sales growth. Academy of Management Journal, 45: 587–597. Batt, R. , Colvin, A. J. S. , Keefe, J. 2002. Employee voice, human resource practices, and quit rates: Evidence from the telecommunications industry. Industrial and Labour Relations Review, 55: 573–594. Becker, B. , Huselid, M. 2006. Strategic human resource management: Where do we go from here? Journal of Management, 32: 898–925. GHAURI, P. GRONHAUG, K. (2002),†Research Methods in Business Studies: a practical guide, London, Prentice Hall† GREEN, F. , FELSTEAD, A. , MAYHEW, K. PACK, A. (2000),†The impact of training on labour mobility: individual and firm-level evidence from Britain† British Journal of Industrial Relations, 38, 26 1-275. James K. Harter, Frank L. Schmidt, Theodore L. Hayes (2002),† Business-Unit- Level Relationship between Employee Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Business Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis†, Vol. 7, No. 2, 268–279 Judge, T. A. , Thoresen, C. J. , Bono, J. E. , Patton, G. K. (2001),† The job satisfaction–job performance relationship: A qualitative and quantitative review†, Psychological Bulletin, 127,376–407. K. Morrell, J. Loan-Clarke and A. Wilkinson (2001), â€Å"Unweaving Leaving: The Use of Models in the Management of Employee Turnover†, Business School Research Series, Loughborough University. M. Armstrong (2006), Human Resource Management, Kogan Page, United Kingdom

Using the Subjunctive Past in German

Using the Subjunctive Past in German Most of the time, teachers and textbooks manage to make the subjunctive mood (der Konjunktiv) more complicated than it needs to be. The subjunctive can be confusing, but it doesnt have to be. Early on, every beginning student of German learns this common Subjunctive II verb form: mà ¶chte (would like), as in Ich mà ¶chte einen Kaffee. (Id like a [cup of] coffee.) This is an illustration of a subjunctive verb form learned as vocabulary. No complicated rules to learn, just an easily memorized vocabulary phrase. Much of the subjunctive can be handled this way, without worrying about complex rules or formulas. Past Subjunctive Why is it, if you ask a native speaker of German to explain the use of the subjunctive, he or she will most likely (a) not know what the subjunctive is, and/or (b) not be able to explain it to you? This, despite the fact that this same German (or Austrian or Swiss) can and does use the subjunctive all the time - and if you had grown up speaking German, you could, too. What Is the Subjunctive II? The past subjunctive is a verb mood used to express uncertainty, doubt, or a contrary-to-reality condition. It is also frequently utilized to reflect politeness and good manners - an excellent reason to know the subjunctive. The subjunctive is not a verb tense; it is a mood that can be used in various tenses. The past subjunctive (another name for the Subjunctive II) gets its name from the fact that its forms are based on the past tense. The Subjunctive I is called the present subjunctive because it is based on the present tense. But dont let those terms confuse you: the subjunctive is not a verb tense. The opposite of the subjunctive is the indicative. Most sentences that we utter - in English or German - indicate a statement of fact, something that is real, as in Ich habe kein Geld. The subjunctive does the opposite. It tells the listener that something is contrary to reality or conditional, as in Htte ich das Geld, wà ¼rde ich nach Europa fahren. (Had I the money, I would travel to Europe.) The implication is clearly, I dont have the money and Im not going to Europe. (indicative). One problem for English-speakers trying to learn the Konjunktiv is that in English the subjunctive has practically died out - only a few vestiges remain. We still say, If I were you, I wouldnt do that. (But Im not you.) It sounds incorrect to say, If I was you... A statement such as If I had the money (I dont expect to have it) is different from When I have the money (its likely I will have it). Both were and had (past tense) are English subjunctive forms in the two examples above. But in German, despite some setbacks, the subjunctive is very much alive and well. Its use is important for conveying the idea of conditional or uncertain situations. This is usually expressed in German by what is known as the Subjunctive II (Konjunktiv II), sometimes called the past or imperfect subjunctive - because it is based on the imperfect tense forms of verbs. Now, lets get down to business. What follows is not an attempt to cover all aspects of the Konjunktiv II but rather a review of the more important aspects. Here are some examples of how the Subjunctive II can be used in German. The Konjunktiv II is used in the following situations: As if, contrary to reality (als ob, als wenn, als, wenn)Er gibt Geld aus, als ob er Millionr wre.He spends money as if he were a millionaire.​Request, obligation (being polite!) - usually with modals (i.e., kà ¶nnen, sollen, etc.)Kà ¶nntest du mir dein Buch borgen?Could you lend me your book?​Doubt or uncertainty (often preceded by ob or dass)Wir glauben nicht, dass man diese Prozedur genehmigen wà ¼rde.We dont believe that they would allow this procedure.​Wishes, wishful thinking (usually with intensifying words like nur or doch - and conditional sentences)Htten Sie mich nur angerufen! (wishful)If you had only called me!Wenn ich Zeit htte, wà ¼rde ich ihn besuchen. (conditional)If I had time, Id visit him.​Replacement for Subjunctive I (when the Subjunctive I form and the indictative form are identical)Sie sagten sie htten ihn gesehen.They said they had seen him. The last two lines in the traditional German song, Mein Hut, are subjunctive (conditional): Mein Hut, der hat drei Ecken,Drei Ecken hat mein Hut,Und htt er nicht drei Ecken,dann wr er nicht mein Hut. My hat, it has three corners,Three corners has my hat,And had it not three corners, (if it didnt have...)then were it not my hat. (...wouldnt be my hat)